The Plural of Nouns

50min
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Le Pluriel des Noms

Descrizioni

1. The General Rule: Add "-s" (La Règle Générale: Ajouter "-s")

Most French nouns form their plural by adding an -s to the singular form. The pronunciation usually doesn't change, but the article before the noun will change to les (the) or des (some/any).

  • un livre (a book) des livres (some books)
  • le stylo (the pen) les stylos (the pens)
  • une table (a table) des tables (some tables)
  • la chaise (the chair) les chaises (the chairs)

2. Nouns Ending in "-s", "-x", "-z" (Noms Terminés par "-s", "-x", "-z")

Nouns that already end in -s, -x, or -z in the singular form do not change in the plural. Only the article changes.

  • un fils (a son) des fils (some sons)
  • le nez (the nose) les nez (the noses)
  • la voix (the voice) les voix (the voices)

3. Nouns Ending in "-eau", "-eu", "-ou" (Noms Terminés par "-eau", "-eu", "-ou")

Most nouns ending in -eau, -eu, and -ou take an -x in the plural, not an -s.

  • un gâteau (a cake) des gâteaux (some cakes)
  • un cheveu (a hair) des cheveux (some hairs)
  • un chou (a cabbage) des choux (some cabbages)

Common Exceptions (ending in -s):

  • un clou (a nail) des clous
  • un sou (a penny) des sous
  • un trou (a a hole) des trous
  • un cou (a neck) des cous

4. Nouns Ending in "-al" (Noms Terminés par "-al")

Most nouns ending in -al change to -aux in the plural.

  • un cheval (a horse) des chevaux (some horses)
  • un journal (a newspaper) des journaux (some newspapers)
  • un animal (an animal) des animaux (some animals)

Common Exceptions (ending in -als):

  • un bal (a ball/dance) des bals
  • un carnaval (a carnival) des carnavals
  • un festival (a festival) des festivals

5. Nouns Ending in "-ail" (Noms Terminés par "-ail")

Most nouns ending in -ail follow the general rule and add an -s.

  • un détail (a detail) des détails (some details)
  • un portail (a gate) des portails (some gates)

Common Exceptions (ending in -aux):

  • un travail (a job/work) des travaux
  • un vitrail (a stained-glass window) des vitraux

6. Irregular Plurals (Pluriels Irréguliers)

A few nouns have completely irregular plural forms, but these are less common for beginners.

  • un œil (an eye) des yeux (some eyes)
  • Madame (Mrs.) Mesdames
  • Monsieur (Mr.) Messieurs
  • Mademoiselle (Miss) Mesdemoiselles

Key Takeaways:

  • The most common plural form is adding -s.
  • Pay attention to nouns ending in -s, -x, -z (no change) and -eau, -eu, -ou (add -x).
  • Remember the -al to -aux change.
  • Always change the article (le/la/un/une les/des) in front of the plural noun.

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The Plural of Nouns
50min
2,000P
Lattep icon

Leonie.z

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